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Structure And Function Of Heart

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Published in: Biology
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Students this power point is related to Structure and function of heart . How the blood flows through the heart?

Wardah M / Dubai

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  1. THE HEART OF THE MATTER Structure and function of heart By Wardah Muhammad
  2. 5 INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE HEART o Each day, your heart beats 100,000 times. o Each minute, your heart pumps 1.5 gallons of blood. o Heart disease is the #1 cause of death. o A normal heart valve is about the size of a half dollar coin. o The largest heart ever recorded belonged to a grey whale. SOP halt dollar heart
  3. FUNCTIONS OF THE HEART o Pumps oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood to the body through blood vessels o Pumps deoxygenated puhmry blood, containing wastes, to the lungs, where gas exchange to the outside environment occurs vena cava cava trium pt*-ruwy artery C02 02 ceas • ONO, O
  4. ANATOMY OF THE HEART o Located under rib cage and in between the lungs o Size varies depending on age, size, and condition of the heart o On average, the heart is about the size of that person's clenched fist O
  5. FOUR CHAMBERS OF THE HEART o Right Atrium o Right Ventricle Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary arteries (to r"ht lung) Aortic valve Right pulrnonary veins (from rÉht lung) Right atrium TricuspZ valve Inferior vena cava (from lcnver body) Pulmmary valve J C•åectim 01 blood now Right ventricle o Left Atrium o Left Ventricle Aorta (to body) Pulmonary Left pulrfiOnary arteries (to lea Left pulmonary veins (from Len atrium Mitral valve Left ventricle
  6. ATRIA o The upper two chambers of the heart o Receive and collect blood VENTRICLES o The lower two chambers of the heart o Pump blood out of the heart Vena (from body) (to r*ht Right pulmonary veins (from urs) SEPTUM o Muscle that divides the heart into right and left halves Lett pulmonary (from lung) Inferior vena cava valve Ventri&
  7. VALVES 0 4 Heart Valves Tricuspid Valve • Pulmonary Semilunar Valve Mitral (Biscuspid) Valve • Aortic (Semilunar) Valve o Purpose: prevent backflow of blood, keep blood flowing in one direction Superior vena cava (fr«n body) Right pulmonary r"ht lung) Aortic valve Right m.'lmonary veins (from lung) Right atrium Tricuspki valve Inferior vena cava (from lower body) pulmonary valve O"ection 01 blood Right ventr& Aorta (to body) pu"nonary artery Left pulmonary aneries (to left lung) veins (from lung) — Left atrium Mitral valve Left ventricle
  8. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 1. Deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower body flows through the superior and inferior vena cava. Superior vena cava upg*r Right pulmonary r"ht Aortic vat vo Right pulmonary yens (from rÉht lung) Right atrium Inferior vena cava (from lower body) puknon awe O'ection 01 Right ventr& Aorta (to pub-non ary Len arteries (to left lung) lung) — Len atrium Len ventricle
  9. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 2. The superior and inferior vena cava empty blood into the right atrium. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary arteries (to r"ht lung) Aortic valve Right pulrnonary veins (from rÉht lung) Right atrium TricuspZ valve Inferior vena cava (from lcnver body) Aorta (to body) Pulmonary Left pulrfiOnary arteries (to lea Left pulmonary veins — Left atrium — Len ventricle Pulmmary valve Of blood Right ventride
  10. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 3. Blood from the right atrium passes through the tricuspid valve. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary arteries (to r"ht lung) Aortic valve Right pulrnonary veins (from rÉht lung) Right atrium TricuspZ valve (from lcnver body) Aorta (to body) Pulmonary Left pulrfiOnary arteries (to lea Left pulmonary veins — Left atrium — Len ventricle Pulmmary valve Of blood Right ventride
  11. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 4. Blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. vena cava (from upper body) Roht pulmonary arteries (to r"ht lung) —f Aortic valve Röht pulrnonary (from rÉht lung) Right atrium Trü:uspz valve Inferior vena cava (from lower body) Pulmonary valve D"ection Of blood now Right ventricle Aorta (to body) Left pulmonary arteries (to len Left pulmonary veins (from Left atrium Len ventricle
  12. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 5. Blood from the right ventricle passes through the pulmonary semilunar valve. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary arteries (to r"ht lung) Aortic valve Right pulrnonary veins (from rÉht lung) Right atrium TricuspZ valve Inferior vena cava (from lcnver body) Aorta (to body) Pulmonary Left pulrfiOnary arteries (to lea Left pulmonary veins — Left atrium — Len ventricle Pulmon valve 01 blood Right ventride
  13. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 6. Blood flows through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the right and left pulmonary arteries. Superior vena cava (from up*r body) Right pulmonary arteries (to right lung) Right pulrnonary veins (from rÉht ung) ROht atrium Triagpz valve Inferior vena Cava (from 10'.ver body) Pulmonary valve O"ection 01 bb0d Right ventricle Aorta (to body) Pulrnonary Left pulmonary arteries (to left lung) Left pulmonary veins (front lung) — Len atrium Mitral valve Len ventricle
  14. FLOW OF BLOOD Vena cava lung 0 7. Pulmonary arteries take blood to the lungs for gas exchange. o In the lung capillaries, blood picks up oxygen and transfers carbon dioxide to the lungs for exhalation. o Blood becomes oxygenated. tight atrium right ventrde vena cava cop.* trium co capillaries pulrncyvary artery pulmonary win C02 tissue cells systetniC capillaries
  15. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 8. Right and left pulmonary veins bring the blood back to the heart. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary (to r*ht lung) Aortic varve R&ht pulmonary (from r"ht lung) Right attitrn Tricusp" valve Inferior vena cava (from lower tx>dy) Aorta (to body) pulmonary Len pulmonary arteries (to len Left pulmonary veins (from len lung) — Left Mitral valve — Len ventricle Pulmonary valve 01 Right ventricle
  16. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 9. Pulmonary veins empty blood into the left atrium. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary (to r*ht lung) vaVvO Riht pulmonary (from r"ht lung) Right attiwti Tricusp" valve Inferior vena cava (from lower tx>dy) Aorta (to body) pulmonary Len pulmonary arteries (to len Left pulmonary veins (front ten lung) Left atrium Mitral valve — Len ventricle Pulmonary valve 01 Right ventricle
  17. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 10. The blood from the left atrium flows through the mitral (or bicuspid) valve. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary (to r*ht lung) vaVvO Riht pulmonary (from r"ht lung) Right attiwti Tricusp" valve Inferior vena cava (from lower tx>dy) Aorta (to body) pulmonary Len pulmonary arteries (to len Left pulmonary veins (front ten lung) — Left Mitral valve Left ventricle Pulmonary valve 01 Right ventricle
  18. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 11. After passing through the mitral valve, blood enters the left ventricle. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary (to r*ht lung) vaVvO Riht pulmonary (from r"ht lung) Right attiwti Tricusp" valve Inferior vena cava (from lower tx>dy) Aorta (to body) pulmonary Len pulmonary arteries (to len Left pulmonary veins (front ten lung) — Left Mitral valve Left ventricle Pulmonary valve 01 Right ventricle
  19. FLOW OF BLOOD 0 12. Blood from the left ventricle passes through the aortic semilunar valve. Superior vena cava (from body) Right pulmonary Aortic vatve R&ht pulmonary (from r"ht lung) Right attiwti Tricusp" valve Inferior vena cava (from lower tx>dy) Aorta (to body) pulmonary Len pulmonary arteries (to len Left pulmonary veins (front ten lung) — Left Mitral valve — Len ventricle Pulmonary valve 01 Right ventricle
  20. CIRCULATION Vena cava o Pulmonary circuit: movement of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart pulmonary "s tight ventro vena cava cap"Üies cop.'* cap.llaies pLAmonuy artery puirnonary C02 CO trium Jett Ossue cells systemic capdlaries O
  21. CIRCULATION cava o Systemic circulation: movement of blood from copatoz trium p the body to the heart and back to the body o Why do you think the left side of the heart is larger than the right? o Answer: Because the left side has to pump blood further! pulmonary tight atriu vena cava cap"Üies artery C02 02 üssue cells systemic capdlarieS O
  22. CONTRACTION o Systole - contract Atrial Systole: when the atria contract and pump blood into the ventricles • Ventricular Systole: when the ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or body o Diastole - relax When the atria and ventricles relax and start to fill with blood O
  23. DID YOU KNOW? o Did you know that even outside of the body, the heart will continue to beat? o Why do you think this is? o This characteristic is called myogenic control. o Each heart beat is caused by an electrical signal from within heart muscle itself. O
  24. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM o AKA the Cardiac Conduction System o Consists of three parts: • 1. Sinoatrial (SA) node • 2. Atrioventricular (AV) node • 3. Bundle of His and Purkinje fibers vena cava 1 Siry»atnal node (pacemaker) Internodal pathway Atrioventricular (Bunde Of His) @Bunde e fibers 1 Lett Purkinje ventri- cular seclum O
  25. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 0 1. Electrical signal starts at the SA node as blood fills the right atrium. This signal causes the atrium to contract. The SA node sets the pace of the heart, so it is also called the pacemaker. 0 2. Signal arrives at the AV node as blood fills the ventricles. 0 3. Signal moves along the Bundle of His and along the walls of the ventricles. The Bundle of His divides into right and left branches and then to Purkinje fibers. The ventricles contract. 0 4. Signal passes and ventricles relax. O

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