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Ajman

Pharmacology Mnemonics

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Published in: Pharmacology
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This study guide is tailored to help students master pharmacology through mnemonics, making exam preparation easier and more effective. Key Features: Easy-to-Remember Mnemonics: Simplifies complex topics for quick recall. Comprehensive Coverage: Includes drug classifications, mechanisms, side effects, uses, and contraindications. Visual Aids: Diagrams and illustrations to reinforce memory. Organized by System: Categorized by bodily systems for easy navigation. Practice Questions: Quizzes at the end of each section to test knowledge. Up-to-Date Information: Based on the latest guidelines and research. Accessible Format: Digital format for study on the go. Benefits: Enhanced Memory Retention: Proven tools to aid retention and recall. Time Efficiency: Focus on critical aspects without being overwhelmed. Improved Exam Performance: Quick information retrieval reduces stress. Engaging Learning Experience: Combines text and visuals for an engaging study process. Prepare confidently for your pharmacology exams with this essential guide and make memorization a breeze with mnemonics.

Mohammad B / Ras Al Khaimah

2 years of teaching experience

Qualification: Bachelor of dental surgery

Teaches: Anatomy, Biology, Chemistry, Education, Microbiology, Physiology, Political Science, Psychology, Medical, Medicine, Pharmacology, Dentistry, Molecular Biology, Pathology, MCAT, Physics, USMLE, Science, General Science

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  2. Beta Blockers Adverse Effects BBC Loses Viewer's Ratings Bradycardia Blocks (Heart Blocks) Bronchospasm Claudication (Letharw) Libido decreased (Impotence) Lipids altered ( Decreased HDL) V---> Vivid dreams. sleep disturbances, Depression Reduced sensitivity to Hypoglycemia Raynaud's phenomenon
  3. N/A
  4. PHARMACOLOGY MNEMONICS By DR.MOHAMMÄD BILAL IDRIS AND DR.ABDUL RAFAY THANKS AND JAZAKAALLAH DR JABRAN ANWAR
  5. CONTENT • It includes mnemonics of Almost every topic of BDS. REMEMBER: These Mnemonics are collection from Different sources 1) File Compiled by Madam suqaina sania and Usarna maqbool 2)Dr Nauman pharmacology book 3)Self rnade Mnemonics 4)BDS point 5)Internet resources 6)Dr hafiz bilal
  6. REFERENCE BOOKS l)Lippincott (6th edition) 2)Katzung pharmacology (l Ith edition) 3)Dr nauman's pharmacology (3rd edition) • We have checked every mnemonic from these reference books.
  7. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
  8. MNEMONIC NO # 1 • Enzyme Inducers: • MNEMONIC: GPRS Code • G=Griseofulvin • P=Phenytoin • R=Rifampicin • S=Tobacco Smoking • C=Carbamazepine
  9. MNEMONIC NO # 2 • Enzyme inhibitor: • MNEMONIC: CEMO-VIK • C=Ciprofloxacin • C=Cimetidine • E=Erythromycin • M=Metronidazole • 0=0meprazole • V=Valproate • 1=1soniazid • K=Ketoconazole
  10. MNEMONIC 3 • DRUGS CONTRAINDICATED IN PREGNANCY : • MNEMONIC:FÄTS F=Flouroquinolones A=Aminoglycoside T=Tetracyclin S= Sulfonamide
  11. MNEMONIC 4 • Drugs that inhibit the metabolism the Warfarin • MNEMONIC:CÄMI • C=Ciprofloxacin/Co-trimoxazole • A=Amiodarone • M=Metronidazole • 1=1mipramine
  12. SNV
  13. CLASSIFICATION OF ADRENERGIC AGONIST AGENTS Sympathomimetic Agents Direct Acting Agent @-Alpha Agonist • Alpha I selective -->Phenylphrine • Alpha 2 selective -->Clonidine Alpha Non selective -->Non-Epinephrine B-Beta Agonist * Beta I Agonist —>D0butamine * Beta 2 Agonist -->Albuter01 * Beta Non-selective —>lsoproterenol Indirect Acting Agent Releaser — > Amphe t amine Inhibi tor —>Cocaine
  14. CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCURANIC AND ANTI MUSCURANIC AGENTS Pak Mone Bank Direct acting muscarinic agonists (mnemonic) bethenchol, methacholine, pilocarpine Direct acting muscarinic agonists STAB and DIG muscarinic antgonist (mnemonic) scopolamine, tropicamide, atropine, benztropine, darifenacin, ipratropium. glycopyrrolate muscarinic antagonists
  15. ANTI MUSCURANIC AGENT • MNEMONIC:ABCD-FIT • A=Atropine • B=Benzotropine • C=Cyclopentolate • D=Darifenacin • F=Fasoterodine • I=lpratropium • T=Titropium
  16. CHOLINERGIC DRUGS REVERSIBLY ACTING DRUGS MNEMONIC: DR-PEN D=Donepezil R=Rivastigmine P=Physostigmine E=Edrophonium N=Neostigmine REMEMBER: 1)Parasympathomimetic agent are also known as cholinornimetic drug 2)Parasympath01ytic agents are knowns as Anticholinergic IRREVERSIBLY ACTING DRUGS I)ECHOTHIOPHATE
  17. CLASSIFICATION OF CHOLINERGIC AGENT CHOLINERGIC AGENTS DIRECT ACTING Muscurinic Agents INDIRECT ACTING Nicotinic Short Acting —>Edrophonium Long Acting — > Organophosphate Ester AMi-CAB A=ACh M=Methacholine Alkaloid I )Pilocarpine 2) Muscuraine Intermediate Acting (Carbamates) I )Neostigmine 2)Physostigmine C = Carbachol M3) B=Bathenech01
  18. DIRECT ACTING ESTER CHOLINOMIMETIC AGENTS •MNEMONIC : My-CAB •M=Methacholine •C=Carbachol • C=Cevimeline(Selective M3) • A=Ach •B=Bathenechol DUMBBELS& —tElWna.hrq —N --t4icElyåvcdt B - cJvconsbLhæ,
  19. (SMVIXO) HO.I„VHaN8DQI aSVHXLSflNI"IOHO 8NIHVHflOO8IÄJ 18'HayOO FINN 1)VNf11NOHxavvvxaH 18'H8YOO OI"IONVO. --@NIdOHLV< 8A1JOff18S-NON(-ÜVN) -8NIdIZNQIId< -(1as"W\1LO3) I LVN OINILOOIN-IJNV SJNffDV DININAOSAVV-ILNV SLNflOV OIOuNI'IOHO-IJNV SJNaOV 010uNIIOHO-IJNV AO NOIJVOIdISSV"IO
  20. B2 AGONIST DRUG • MNEMONIC: SMART iun • S=Salmeterol • M=Metaproterenol • A=Albuterol • R=Ritodrine • T=Terbutaline Action in The H'" Casing Frceofjlt•actiff
  21. BETA BLOCKERS : NON SELECTIVE Adverse Effects of Atropine A Anorexia B Blurry vision C Constipation Confusion D Dry skin mucus membranes Delirium ESMOLOL Fever S Stasis or Urine + Sedation
  22. BETA BLOCKER : CARDIOSELECTIVE
  23. BETA BLOCKER wiTH INTRINSIC SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY • MNEMONIC ; CAP/LAP • C=Celiprolol • A=Acebutalol • P=Pindolol • L=Labetolol • A=Acebutalol • P=Penbutalol
  24. G-PROTEIN RECEPTORS ic clonic I seizures"' ger Top valve of the Caro b er=lamoTRlGlNE = topiramate e = valproate carbazepine =phenytoin
  25. MNEMONIC NO 1 -.????????? Phenyt0B1 ????? * PHENYTOlM 49-450 mteractbns ??. HfsutBT '?. Enlarged ???? Mystagmus Tetatogemcay ????????? lntererence 312 metaboBsm (????? Wwooathes• vertjo ataxia ????????
  26. ??: æxjy•mck,o ? :? LYB (????????????"??? Z 0N# OINOI'WNI'U
  27. MNEMONIC 3 Epinephrine uses MNEMONIC: (2Ä -BC) • A=Anaphylactic shock • A=As A Vasoconstrictor in Local Anesthesia • B=Bronchospasm • C=Cardiac Arrest
  28. MNEMONIC 4 Ganglion Blocking Agents: MNEMONIC:Hi Nelson Mandela • H=Hexamethonium • N=Nicotine • M=Mecamlyamine
  29. MNEMONIC 5 Adrenergic agonist Side effects MNEMONIC:TANHHÄ • T=Tremors • A=Anxiety • N=Nausea and vomiting • H=Headache • A=Arrhythmias
  30. MNEMONIC 6 Alpha Blocker Side Effect • N=Nasal congestion • S=Sexual Dysfunction • H=Headache • 0=0rthostatic Hypotension • T=Reflex Tachycardia •morphine effects on mu receptor: pzphysical derndence Ezeuphoria A:analgesia R;respiratory depression
  31. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PHYSOSTIGMINE VS NEOSTIGMINE hysostigmine MNOP Lipid Soluble Miotic(pupil constricting agent) CNS adverse effects are produced like convulsion Neostigmine Opposite to physostigmine Water soluble Neostigmine is used to improve muscle strength in patients with a certain muscle disease (myasthenia gravis) CNS adverse effects are not produced europhonium: IS USED DIAGNOSIS OF MYESTHENIA GRAVIS PyRIDostigmine: USED TO GET RID OF SYMPTOMS OF MYESTHENIA GRAVIS
  32. MNEMONIC 7 Anticholinergic side effect MNEMONIC: (BAD-CS) • B=Blurred vision • A=Anorexia • D=Dry Mouth • C=Constipation /confusion • S=Sedation
  33. MNEMONIC 8 Various Catecholamine MNEMONIC:DINED • D=dobutamine • I=lsoproterenol • N=Nor-Epinephrine • E=Epinephrine • D=Dopamine
  34. MNEMONIC 9 CONTRAINDICATIONS OF ANTI CHOLINERGIC: • MNEMONIC:GTP • G=Glaucoma-especially closed angle • T=Tachyarrythmias • P=Peptic Ulcer + Prostatic hyperplasia(Benign)
  35. MNEMONIC 10 USES OF BETA MNEMONIC HAMAd MET Gulzar H=Hypertension , Heart failure A=Angina M=Myocardial infarction A=Arrthymia M=Migraine ET=Essentail tremors +Supraventricular tachycardia G=Claucoma CNS Effects of Morphine SCREAMNT S edation C ough suppression/ R espiratory depression E uphoria A nalgesia M yosis ( N ausea and vomiting T runcal rigidity ( Dr Aneela
  36. MNEMONIC 11
  37. MNEMONIC 12 • Contraindications of Beta Blocker: • MNEMONIC: ABCD • A=Asthma/Variant Angina • B=Heart Block • C=COPD • D=lnsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
  38. ACTION OF BETA BLOCKERS Atyp i a I A.. t i p
  39. MNEMONIC 13 • H-I-C-UP • Hemicholinium Inhibits Acetyl-Choline •H 1 c Uptake UP • Botulinum Toxin(ÆCTION) BBU • Means Botulinum Toxin block the exophytic release of Ach from synaptic vesicle at the NMJ leading to Flacid paralysis • Morphine causes of pupil)
  40. MNEMONIC# 14 sychintüc- Vsu:— = Jc/)lzophjeypöa Maier (Il e.apeucFc
  41. GASTROINTESTINAL AND ANTIEMETIC DRUGS
  42. MNEMONIC# 1 • H2-Receptor blocker Drugs • Mnemonic:Ne1son Runs Football Club • N=Nizatidine • R=Ranitidine • F=Famotidine • C=Cimetidine
  43. MNEMONIC# 2 • Proton pump inhibitor drugs • Mnemonic:OLPER • 0=0meprazole • L=Lansoprazole • P=Pantoprazole • E=Esomeprazole • R=Rabeprazole uses PASHA - BATS. Non-psythia+aic t&u:- _ .'.OJM)—
  44. MNEMONIC# 3 • Proton pump inhibitor uses: • Mnemonic: U-GHÄZE ($1') • U=For treatment of ulcer(Stress +Duodenal + NSAID induced ulcer) • G=For treatment of GERD • H=For eradication of H.pylori • A=Avoid use with clopidogrel • Z=For patients with Zollinger Ellison syndrome • E=For treatment of erosive esophaitis
  45. MNEMONIC# 4 • Proton pump inhibitor adverse effect: • Mnemonic: NIGÄH • N=Nausea • 1=1ncrease risk of bone fracture • G=GIT disturbance • A=Abdominal pain • H=Headaches
  46. MNEMONIC# 5 Anti-emetic Drugs/Drugs used for Chemotherapy induced Vomiting: • Mnemonic:MAD-GOPAL • M=Metoclopromide • A=Aprepitant • D=Dexamethasone • C=Granisetron • 0=0ndansetron • P=Prochlorperazine • A=Alprazolam • L=Lorazepam
  47. MNEMONIC# 6 • Drugs Used to that Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting. • Mnemonic: PCB (5-HT) • P=Phenothiazines • C=Corticosteroids • B=Benzodiazepine • B=Butyrophenones • 5-HT3 Serotonin receptor blocker
  48. MNEMONIC# 6 • DRUGS USED TO TREAT DIARRHOEA • MNEMONIC:I..AMBÄ • L=Loperamide • A=Aluminium hydroxide • M=Methylcellulose • B=Bismuth subsalicylate • A=Atropine+Diphenoxylate _Egua•ff91idd4dvuw Not
  49. RESPIRATORY PHARMACOLOGY
  50. MNEMONIC# 1 • DRUGS USEd FOR CHRONIC ASTHMA • MNEMONIC:C-BOLT • C=Corticosteroids/Cromolyn • B=Beta 2 agonist • 0=0malizumab • L=Leukotriene Antagonists • T=Theophylline
  51. MNEMONIC# 2 • ADVERSE EFFECT OF METHYLXANTHINE • MNEMONIC:STV-NAGIN • S=Seizures • T=Tremor • V=Vomiting • N=Nausea • A=Arrhythmias • C=CIT distress • 1=1nsomnia • N=Nervousness
  52. cNs
  53. SOILdŒ11da-1LNV
  54. MNEMONIC 1 "ATypical antipsychotics" -metabolic side effects a.weight gain b.high triglyceride level c.high blood sugar d.high blood pressure block = sedation 3.alpha1 block —orthostatc hypotention impotense + dcrease ejaculation 4.N•13 block —dry eyes *constipation+urinary retntion
  55. DRUGS FOR TONIC CLONIC SEIZURES • MNEMOiNx Galli • Come &ets Play Vith Pathan's Puttar in his • C=Carbemazapine • L=Lamotrigine • P=Phenytoin • V=Valproic acid • P=Phenobarbital • P=Primidone • G=Gabapentin
  56. MYOCLONIC SEIZURE DRUGS • MNEMC]I :VLC • V=Valproic Acid • L=Lamotrigine • C=Clonazepam • T"CaI effects a onia b," i rms i a a thesi a 3.@1 block • block •dry
  57. MNEMONIC 2
  58. MNEMONIC 3 Sedation Anti-convulsant Muscle relaxant Anxiol tic
  59. MNEMONIC 4 P.P450 induction P. porphyrin synthesis H.higher risk of spprssng respira and cardiovascular system H.hangover effect D.drowsiness+confusion+leth D.dependance + tolerance ASIA B.B has completed
  60. MNEMONIC 5 CÄRBÄMZEPINE Adverse Effect: MNEMONIC: RAGE R=Rash(SLE-Like syndrome) A=Aplastic Anemia G=GIT disturbances (Diarrhea) E=Edema *Benzodiazepine side effects: 5A's Addiction Additive sedation Abjection
  61. OPIODS
  62. CLASSIFICATION OF OPOIDS • MNEMONIC IS •PMC-N2 • AGOINST (PMC) • Proproxyphene • M=MORPHINE / METHADONE • C=CODEINE • Lambhi kro classification ANTAGONIST (N2) N=NALOXONE N=NALTREXONE
  63. MNEMONIC NO # 1 SIDE EFFECT OF MORPHINE Mnemonic : MORPHINE DiD IT •cute effects(SIDE EFFECT) • M=Mental Clouding • 0=0ut of it / Sedation • R=Respiratory depression • P=Pruritis • H=Hypotension • 1=1ncrease intracranial pressure • N=Nausea • E=Emesis(vomiting) Chronic Effects D=Dependence D =Dysphoria T=Tolerance
  64. MNEMONIC NO # 2 • CLINICAL USES OF OPIOIDS: • Mnemonic: PEACH • P=Used to treat moderate to severe PAIN (Analgesic action) • E=Used to treat Acute pulmonary EDEMA • A=Used as ANESTHETIC agent / pre-anesthetic medication • C=Used to treat COUCH(Anti-Tussive action) • H=Detoxification of Drug addiction (Heroin)
  65. ? ? ? 0 ( -- 02u0 ? ? 0 ? d PIDU : ? - ? ? 0 ? ? 0 ? Y ? ? ? 9 0 ? OINOI.'WNW ? 1 ? ?
  66. MNEMONIC NO # 4 Toxicity of NSAIDs tv-love frorn top parts body tovvards botto Or do for rnajor syst C N hea d aches, ti n CVS—fluid rete n ti on , hy p e rte n s i iosis bleed ing PI u r-n ona hr-n a insuffici fa i I u re, hy r ka I ern i a spirin Side Cffect Asthma S salicyalism Peptic ulcer disease/ Phosphorylation-oxidati uncoupling/ PPH/ Platelet disaggregation/ Premature closure of PDA Intestinal blood loss Reye's syndrome Idiosyncracy Noise (tinnitus)
  67. MNEMONIC 5 CONTRA-INDICATIONS TO MORPHINE: • Mnemonic=PLAB • B=BPH • L=Liver Disease • A=Asthma+Addison disease • P=Pregnancy
  68. SOILOHOXSd-1LNV
  69. CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI-PSYCHOTIC • CLASSIC DRUGS • MNEMONIC: Feathery Hairy Thirsty Crow • F=Fluphenazine • H= Haloperidol • T=Thioridazine C=Chlorpromazine AGENTS Newer Ägents/2nd generation: MNEMONIC: OSCAR 0=01anzapine S=Seroquel(Quetiapine) C=Clozapine A=Aripiprazole R=Risperidone
  70. CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI-PSYCHOTIC AGENT ntuindicatins 0b
  71. MNEMONIC NO#I INHALATIONANESTHETICS FL NE THANE RANE ITRO OXIDE BenefKialeffectsof (remember of 5 As) Antithrombotic AttenosuslNSÅlDs of patent duttunrterosusl Contraindications to NSNDslrememberof pghmali0%of asthmatics ate senstiuetcnon• stercdals) Rent disease bpovclaemja\ Stomach (peptitulcer or gastritis) (remember of Paided acid deriwtes derivates derivates saliqåates: Owen derivates Fenamiaciå derivates AroacetcacidU Anthmilicacids derivates
  72. MNEMONIC 2 Properties of Halothane YPOTENSION YPOVENTUTION EPATOTOXIC (rare) HEART is sensitized to Catecholamines
  73. MNEMONIC 3 Adverse effect of Anti- psychotic: MNEMONIC AEIOU-SHAD (Vowels) -(NAME) A=Arrythmias (QT interval prolonged E=Extra - pyramidal adverse effects Like 1)Acute dystonic reactions 2)Parkinsonism symptoms 3)Akathesia 4) Tardive dyskinesia l=lnc. in weight 0=0cular complications U=Urinary retention classification of local anaesthetics 2 ' 'i" in all amides Lignocaine bupivacaine dlbucaine prilocaine ropivacaine esters. cocaine procaine chloroprocaine tetracaine benzacaine.
  74. MNEMONIC 4 LIDOCAINE TOXICITY Slurred or Difficult Speech Altered Central Nervous System _ Muscle Twitching Seizures
  75. ANXIOLYTIC , SEDATIVE AND HYPNOTIC
  76. CLASSIFICATION OF BENZODIAZEPINES • MNEM'C • T=Triazolam • TOM • 0=0nazelam • M=Midazolam CFÄT • F=Flurazepam(long Acting) • A=Alprazolam(intermediate Acting) • T=Triazolam(short Acting)
  77. Rmm
  78. MNEMONIC 2
  79. MNEMONIC 3 BENZODIAZEPINE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS MNEMONIC: DIAzEPAM D=Major depression l=lnsomnia(ln treating sleeping disorder) E-g l)ln treatment of Difficulty in Falling sleep 2)Frequent awakening 3)Dec. duration of sleep A=Used as Anesthesia For alcohal withdrawl like lorazepam is used for suppressing symptoms of delirium tremens. E=For Status epilepticus (diazepam and lorazepam is used. For myoclonic and infertile seizure (Clorazepam is used) P=As pre-anesthetic(For amnesia , as anxiolytic and for sedation.Dlazepam , midazolam and lorazepam is used. A=Anti-emetic e-g Diazepam and lorazepam is used for cancer chemotherapy induced vomiting M=As muscle relaxants e-g Diazepam
  80. MNEMONIC 4 side effects of barbiturates P.P450 induction Contraindicated in acute intermittent porphyri H.higher risk of spprssng respiratory and cardiovascular system H .hangover effect D.drowsiness+confusion+lethargy D.dependance + tolerance
  81. MNEMONIC 5 *Benzodiazepine side effects: SA's Addiction Additive sedation Amnesia Ataxia Abjection (depression)
  82. NSAIDS
  83. CLASSIFICATION OF NSAIDS NSATDI% onty S Sa-LZaie (OspT•f-o) (Non- CO (Revems7bIe CO X — Pt"'T0Ric-m-n — M elo Com pc•HEf1Jc Venamnætcs L —J ndoCe Du acfid _Dea,-vcd-t-ves — Jbuæotecrv
  84. MNEMONIC 1 Toxicity of NSAlDs Move from top parts of the body towards bottom Or do for major systems Means and dizziness CVS-fluid retention, hypertension,edema Gl effects=Peptic Ulcer(most imp),nausea,dysplasia and GIT bleeding Plumonary=Asthma Renal—renal insufficiency,renal failure, hyperkalemia etc Aspirin Side f ect Asthma ASV! d • Salicyalism Peptic ulcer disease/ Phosphorylation-oxidation uncoupling/ PPH/ Platelet disaggregation/ Premature closure of PDA Intestinal blood loss Reye's syndrome Idiosyncracy Noise (tinnitus)
  85. MNEMONIC 2
  86. MNEMONIC 3 Beneficial effects of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by NSAlDs (remember of 5 A's) Analgesia Antipyretic Anti-inflammatory Antithrombotic Arteriosus (NSAlDs for closure of patent ductus arteriosus) Contraindications to NSAlDs (remember of BARS) Bleeding Asthma (10% of asthmatics are sensitive to non- steroidals) Renal disease (hypovolaemia) Stomach (peptic ulcer or gastritis)
  87. MCQS POINT OF NSAID • Greatest Overall toxicity = Indomethacin and tolemetin • Safest NSÄID and lowest risk of provoking heart attack = Naproxen • Most hepatotoxic = Diclofenac and sulindac • Most potent Anti-inflammatory= Indomethacin • Strong Analgesic=ketorolac • SULINDÄC= Safe in old age + donot inhibit COX in kidney + Used for intestinal polyposis
  88. GENERAL AND LOCAL ANESTHESIA
  89. MNEMONIC ? ?NHALATIONANESTHETICS S? F HA THANE RANE N?TRO DXIDE
  90. MNEMONIC 2 Properties of Halothane YPOTENSION YPOVENTILATION EPATOTOXIC (rare) HEART is sensitized to Catecholamines
  91. MNEMONIC 3 Stages of General anesthesia • MNEMONIC: Anesthesiologist Enjoy S and M • A=Analgesia • E=Excitement • S=Surgical Anesthesia • M=Medullary paralysis
  92. MNEMONIC 4 classification of local anaesthetics 2 "i" in all amides Lignocaine bupivacaine dibucaine prilocaine ropivacaine cocaine procaine chloroprocaine tetracaine benzacaine.
  93. MNEMONIC 5 LIDOCAINE TOXICITY Slurred or Difficult Speech • Of Lips / Tongue Altered Central Nervous System • Dizziness • Arrhythmias Muscle Twitching • Tremors Seizures • Respiratory Depression • Respiratory and
  94. MNEMONIC# 6 Features of ketamine:(Dissociative Anesthesia) • MNEMONIC:BÄSI • B=Bronchodilator (used for asthamatic patient) • A=Provide Amnesia • S=Provide Sedatiion • 1=Provide Immobility
  95. MNEMONIC# 7 • INTRAVENOUS GENERAL ANESTHESIA: • MNEMONIC: POKE - Billu • P=Propofol • 0=0poids • K=Ketamine • E=Etomidate • B=Barbiturates / Benzodiazepine
  96. MNEMONIC# 8 HALOTHANE FEATURES: MNEMONIC: RAMBO R=Relaxes uterine and skeletal muscles A=lt causes cardiac arrythymias M=lt causes MALIGNANT - HYPERTHERMIA(ADVERSE EFFECT) B=Bronchodilator 0=Used in obstetrics
  97. SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANT
  98. MNEMONIC# 1 • SUCCINYLCHOLINE USES AND ADVERSE EFFECTS: • MNEMONIC: HEHE • H=Hyperthermia(Adverse effect) • E=Used during electroconvulsive shock • H=Hyperkalemia(Adverse effect) • E=For Endotracheal intubation during anesthesia HEE NEE AE-E
  99. MNEMONIC# 2 • CLASSIFICATION OF SPASMOLYTIC: • MNEMONIC:BaD CPT • B=Baclofen / Botulinum toxin • D=Dantrolene / diazepam • G=Gabapentin • P=Pregabalin • T=Tizanidine
  100. MNEMONIC# 3 USES OF CENTRALLY ACTING MUSCLE RELAXANT: • MNEMONIC:SÄT • S=For treating spasm • A=Anxiety and tension • T=Toticollis / Tetanus
  101. CHEMO
  102. CLASSIFICATION OF PENICILLINS CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIPSEUDOMONAL PENICILIN: P=Piperacillin M=Merlocillin C=Carbeneci11in A = Azlocillin T=Ticarcillin penicillin (Penicillin G) mative to Pheno xy methyl (Penicillin V) istant Meth i in Ampicillin Ba camp i Amoxicillin inhibitor S acid Ta zobactam P i peracillin Mezkxillin
  103. SPECTRUM OF CEPHALOSPORIN 1. 1st generation: Mainly Gram* Gram (PEcK): 2. 2nd generation: Gram- > Gram + "HEN Ha em ophilus PEcKS: Coli, Klebsiella, Serratia 3. 3rd generation: Gram — > Gram + : Meningitis, Ceftazidim e Cerop erazone : Pseudomona s Used to treat meningitis sepsis (can c"oss Blood Brain Barrier) 4. 4th generation : Pseudomonas 5, 5Lh generation: MRSA
  104. CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI-CANCER DRUGS ancer c emo c assi ca on. n Actor (nawazudin) Has A illion. =Alkylating agents(Cell cycle on-specific Drugs)Acts on GO Phase. A=Anti-metabolite (Cell cycle pecific) Acts on S-phase N=Natural products(CCS) Acts on M-phase except Etoposide(Late S and early G2 phase pe acts krta ha etoposide) H=Hormonal A=Antibiotics(CCNS)Acts on GOphase except Bleomycin which is (CCS) and acts on G2 phase. = Miscellaneousl
  105. MNEMONIC 1 Erythromycin , clindamycin and chloramphenicol are Mice TCS]]]] bacteriocidal at high doses #Mice erthroMYCln Trimethoprim tetracyclin chloramphnicol clindamycin sulfamethoxazole
  106. MNEMONIC 2 #BacteriocidaI """Amin $ Queen pore the metro van by pen #Amin aminoglycosides #Queen flouroquinolones #Pore cephalosporins #Metro metronidazole vancomycin #Van #Pen penicillin
  107. MNEMONIC 3 • Classifications of carbapenem • MNEMONIC:DIEM • D=Doripenem • 1=1mipenem • E=Ertapenem • M=Meropenem *Classification of Macrolides MNEMONIC:RÄCE R=Roxithromycin A=Azithromycin C = Clarithromycin E=Erythromycin
  108. ANTI-HEPATITIS DRUGS • MNEMONIC: REAL R=Ribavirin E=Entacavir • A=Adefovir L=Lamivudine MNEMONIC 4 NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSVERSE INHIBITOR MNEMONIC:LEADS L=Lamivudine E=Emtricitabine A= Abacavir D=Didanisone
  109. MNEMONIC# 5 Protease inhibitors: a STAR
  110. MNEMONIC# 6 For those you can't remember which subunit - "buy AT 30, CELL at 50" A = Aminoglycosides T = Tetracyclines 30 = 30s C = Chloramphenicol, E = Erythromycin (macrolides) L = Linezolid L = cLindamyin 50 = 50s Note: Aminoglycosides also attach to the 30-50S juncture causing misreading and that's why it's cidal A A
  111. MNEMONIC# 7 Clindamycin Adverse effect: (PAS Nust) Pseudomembranous colitis Abdominal pain (diarrhea and vomiting) Skin Rashes Neutropenia A verse E ecto Inter eron-ap a; Fitay Mu) N-Neutropenia A-Alopecia M-myalgia D-Depression G-GI upset/distress T-thyroid dysfunction F-FIu.Like syndrome. Mu-mental confusion
  112. MNEMONIC# 8 Åntibi6tics CI during Pregnancy (mnemonick) "MC-FAST Metro nidazole Chloramphenicol Fluoroquinolones A m des Sulfas Te tra cycline Antibiotics Contraindicated During Pregnancy • Metrönidazole Hepatic Failure c Gray Baby Syndrome • Chlorarnphenico • Tetracyclines Teeth Discoloration Liver Failure
  113. MNEMONIC# 9 Doxycycline DOC RELY on RICH doxy REIapsing fever LYmes disease Rlkketsial infections CHIamydial infections. conditions where Doxycycline is drug of choice
  114. MNEMONIC# 10 MNEMONIC : I-I-GIBS H=Hypersensitivity reaction G=Grey baby Syndrome l=lrritative effects B=Bone marrow depression S=Superinfections
  115. MNEMONIC# 11 MACROIides toxicity: "MACRO" M = Motility issues A = Arrhythmia caused by prolonged QT C = acute Cholestatic hepatitis R = Rash Reversible deafness(high doses) O = eoslnophilla ERYTHROCIN• 250m. Aminoglycosides Aminoglycosides —whose members include gentamicin, tobramycin, and neomycin - have certain characteristics/ including that they Against aerobic Gram-negatives Mainly bactericidal Inhibit protein synthesis at 30S subunit Nephrotoxic Ototoxic
  116. MNEMONIC# 12 • SIDE-EFFECTS OF TETRACYCLINE: • MNEMONIC:PAK LIVED long P=Phototoxicity A=Avoid in pregnancy • K=Kidney failure(except doxycycline) • L=Liver failure(Hepatotoxic) • 1=Diabetes insipidus by demeclocycline • V=Vestibular dysfunction • E=Expired tetracycline causes FANCONI SYNDROME. D=Dentition and Bone problems Mcq Point:Tetracycline and doxycycline are not hepatically metabolized but Minocycline undergoes hepatic me tab olism Mcq point:D0xycyc1ine is preferred in renally compromised patient because it is eliminated via bile into feces
  117. MNEMONIC# 13 Averse Effect of Cotrimoxazole; (Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole) Mnemonic(Tri-Metho) T-Thrombocytopenia R-Rash I-ichlgl effects(Diarrhea) M-MyeIosuppressionlMegaIobIastic Anemia. E-Elevated LFT"s T-Tremors(paralysis) due to hyperkalemia H-hyperkalemia/Hemolytic Anemia 0-0ral Sore(Stomatitis-Glossitis). Amphotericin B Adverse Effects; (FRAH suffereing from Nausea and Vomiting) FRAH--Name F-Fever and chills R-Renal impairment A-Anemia H-Hypotension Nausea and Vomiting.
  118. MNEMONIC# 14 SULFONAMIDE ADVERSE EFFECT SULFONAMIDES Steven Johnson Syndrome. Uticaria. Leukopenia. Folic Acid Deficiency. Obstruction in Urinary Tract. Nephritis. Aplastic Anemia. Methenamine Contraindication. Increase risk of Kernicterus. Drug Fever. Eosinophilia. Skin Rashes _ - METRONIDAZOLE - CUYücaL ILLS ; amoebtasts c_mueÅ E •
  119. MNEMONIC# 15 #Penicillins" Narrow spectrum antibiotics 1. Penicillin G 2. Penicillin V Clinical uses [spectrum] P.pneumococci E. Enterococci N. Neiseria meningitidis S. Stap and strep A. Actinomyces A. Antrax bacillus C. Clostridium[perfrngns and tetani] S. Syphilis (spirochetes) A verse effect of PenlCl In: (National Defence Hospital Of Cancer) N-NausealNephritus D-Diarrhea H-Hypersensitivity 0-0raI Sore(Stomatitis and Glossitis) C-CNS toxicity.
  120. MNEMONIC# 16 Tetracycline uses mnemonic Tetracycline - VACUUM Her BedRoom Tularemia Vibrio Cholerae - Drug of Choice Acne Chlamydiae - Drug of Choice (and other STDs) Ureaplasma Urealyticum Pneumoniae Mycoplasma H _ pylori Borrelia Burgdorferi (Early Stage Lyme Disease) - Drug of Choice Brucella Rickettsiae (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever) — Drug Of Choice Also used for — Malaria Gonococcal Infection Prophylaxis Of Chronic Bronchitis DO not take with Milk, Antacid, Iron— containing preps since divalent cations inhibit its absorption into gut
  121. *Anthracyclines: DIED-M Ocdoxorubicin i.idarubicin E=epirubicin D-daunorubicin MNEMONIC# 17 *Uses of cyclophosphamide: N.non hodgkin's tvmphoma •cancer •uses Of platinum analogues: cancer carcinoma *Busulfan features: ABCDEF Azalkylating agent Bsbone marrow suppression C.cml indication skin E•endoctine insufficiency Fgfibrosis
  122. MNEMONIC# 18 Tetracycline Mnemonic The "C" in the Cycline part Of tetracycline can help us remember the following important information about it; 1) Children = avoid(can cause tooth & bone problem) 2) Childbirth = contraindicated in pregnancy (liver dysfunction) 3) Chelator = for divalent cations (Ca,Mg which can dec its absorption) *Antipseudomonal penicillin: PM CAT papiperacillin Mamedocillin Czcarbeneciåin Tzticarcdlin
  123. MNEMONIC# 19 *Spectrum of itraconazole: BSCD Sasporothri' h rom oblastmytosis Medical Study Center Suqaina Sania Ussama Maqbool Medical Student Help Portal Compiled by: Shared bf. Compiled by: Shared by: •ums: Medical Study Center SuqmaSania Ussama Maqbool Medical Student Help Portal
  124. MNEMONIC# 20 *A/e of fluoroquinolones: THIS GAP Tztendon rupture Hzbeadache izinsomnia S•skin rashes Gzgit distress A—abnormal liver function enzymes PSphototxicity
  125. MNEMONIC# 21 • USE OF FLUOROQUINOLONE • MNEMONIC: 2G SPECTRUM CT • G=Effective against gonorrhea infection • G=Effective against gastroenteritis caused by shigella , salmonella and compylobacter • S=Septicaemia by gram negative bacilli • P=Prophylaxis of infection im neutropenic and cancer patient • E=Effective against Enterobacter species and E.coli • C=C0njunctivitis by gram negative bacteria T=Typhoid by salmonella typhi • R=RTI (pneumonia) by mycoplasma • U=Urethritis by chalmydia • M=Meningitis by N.meningitidis and pseudomonas
  126. MNEMONIC# 22 ntu- etrovura s USES erminates viral replication Blocks DNA activity Inhibits and prevents maturation of HIV SIDE EFFECTS Gl Upset
  127. cvs
  128. MNEMONIC 1 Use of Calcium Channel Blockers. CHASMA Cerebral vasospasm I CHF Hypertension Angina • Supraventricularr=— Migraines Atrial nutter I Atrial fbrillatim • Uses of Calcium Channel Blockers S Supraventricular Tachycardia M Migraine Myometrium Relaxant (in premature labour) A Angina (Stable, Unstable, Variant) S Stroke H Hypertension
  129. MNEMONIC 2 In I Itors contrain Ica Ions: "PARK" Pregnancy 2nd and 3rd trimester Allergy Renal artery stenosis K (hyperkalemia) Calcium channel blockers: I'Very Nice Drugs" Verapamil Nifedipine Diltiazem
  130. MNEMONIC 3 ACE inhibitors side effects: "CAPTOPRIL" Cough Angioedema Problems with renal system Taste changes hypOtension Pregnancy contraindication (treatogenic) Rashes Increased potassium (hyperkalemia) Low aldosterone and Angiotensin-ll (not a side effect infact :P )
  131. MNEMONIC 4 Effects: "BCDEFGHH'/ Block (1st degree AV block) Constipation Dizziness Edema Flushing Gingival hyperplasia Hypotension Headache
  132. lure ICs: groups: CAN" Loop diuretics Osmotics Thiazides MNEMONIC 5 ver e Osmotic diuretics: members GUM: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Aldosterone inhibitors Na (sodium) channel blockers DRUGS CAUSING HEPATOTOXICITY: MNEMONIC:VAH Valproate Acetaminophen Halothane Glycerol Urea Mannitol
  133. MNEMONIC 6 HEPARIN AND WARFARIN USES MNEMONIC:DIV D=Defibrillation syndrome l=lschemic heart disease V=Venous thrombosis prevention and treatment
  134. MNEMONIC NO # 7 NURSING MNEMONICS TIP THIAZIDES INDICATIONS 'lcf-dict' CHF H HYPERTENSION I INSIPIDUS CALCIUM CALCULI
  135. CVS MNEMONIC BY HAFIZ BILAL
  136. DIURETICS MADE BY _HRFZ BILAL 02 EpilOPSY• _a.eeßOf2a3:ö._ TOXICITY OF CA INHIBITOR MNEMONIC:: WEDS-Paul W=Waste K+ • E=Hepatic encephalopathy • D=Drowiness • S=Stones • P=Parasthesia
  137. MNEMONIC 2 LIVER CIRRHOSIS Töxiety B4Ø.eer20z3iC:_
  138. MNEMONIC 3 finicaZ_uses _diu&, CLINICAL USES OF THIAZIDE OF DIURETIC: MNEMONIC: Not SHE N=Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus S=Stone of Ca+2 formation prevention H = Hypertension E=Edematous condition like heart failure TOXICITY OF THIAZIDE DIURETICS MNEMONIC:7HP 1 )Hyponatremia 2)Hypokalemia 3)Hypovolemia 4)Hypotension 5)Hyperuricemia 6)Hypercalcemia 7)HypergIycemia P = Photosensitivity
  139. Side OSMETIC DIURETIC USES MNEMONIC: DOG D=Dec.IntracraniaI Pressure 0=0smotic action (increase water movement) G=Acute Glucoma Gynecomastia Causing Drugs Mnemonic: MTV and CO M=m-DOPA T=TCAD V = Verapemil C=Cimetidine 0=0estrogen
  140. N/A
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  143. Book 486 | ? Kind: Sahih
  144. DO REMEMBER US AND OUR PARENTS IN YOUR SINCERE PRAYERS
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