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Presentation On Elements, Mixtures And Compounds

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Published in: Chemistry
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This PPT is suitable for the IGCSE and O Level Chemistry students. It only provides theoretical background of the topic. The practice questions, worksheets and topical questions will be discussed during the tutoring sessions

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  1. Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Chemistry (IGCSE / O-Level)
  2. What will you learn in this lesson? • Elements • Compounds • Mixtures • Comparison of Compounds and Mixtures
  3. Element • A substance that cannot be further divided into simpler substances by chemical methods. All the atoms of an element have equal number of protons. • Some elements are very reactive (Group I ) and some are very stable and inert (Group Vlll noble gases) • Out of 118 elements 94 are naturally occurring and they are either metals or non-metals CIJ'
  4. Compounds • A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements • Elements always combine in a fixed proportion to form a particular compound When different elements combine to form a compound, they loose their characteristics. • The compound formed has no direct relationship of properties with the elements that make it up
  5. Compounds (contd.) There are two types of compounds • Molecular Compounds where atoms are bonded together. Such as, water, ammonia and methane • Ionic Compounds where many ions are hold together in regular structure by electrostatic force of attraction between them. Such as, sodium chloride Hi O sodium ion methanelCH) sodiumeht"e Figure 3.3: Ammonia and methane are examples of molecular compounds. Sodtum 0110 ride Is an Ionic
  6. Mixtures •A mixture contains two or more elements or compounds that are not chemically bounded • Sodium chloride dissolved in water to form a solution but the amount of sodium chloride may vary. It forms the dilute or concentrated solution. • Example of mixture is air, alloys etc. Pure Substances Element Compound Mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous
  7. Compound and Mixture A mixture of iron and sulphur powders can contain various amounts of the two elements In a mixture, elements do not loose their properties and iron powder is attracted by magnet and separated from sulphur powder When the mixture is heated, it forms a black powdery compound of iron sulphide which is not attracted to magnet
  8. Comparison of Compounds and Mixtures A compound is a single substance, The composition is always the same. The formation involves a chemical reaction. The properties are very different from the elements present in the compound. Can only be broken down by chemical reactions. Mixtures A mixture contains two or more substances. The composition can be varied. No chemical change takes place when made. The properties of the substances making the mixture are still present. The substances present can be separated by physical methods.

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