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PPT On Lan Switching And Wireless

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Published in: Networking
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LAN switching is a form of packet switching used in local area networks (LAN). Switching technologies are crucial to network design, as they allow traffic to be sent only where it is needed in most cases, using fast, hardware-based methods.This PPT will give a brief knowledge about Lan Switching And Wireless .

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  1. Version 4.0 Cisco Implement Spanning Tree Protocols LAN Switching and Wireless — Chapter 5 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public
  2. Objectives Explain the role of redundancy in a converged network Summarize how STP works to eliminate Layer 2 loops in a converged network Explain how the STP algorithm uses three steps to converge on a loop-free topology Implement rapid per VLAN spanning tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN to prevent loops between redundant switches. 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public
  3. Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network Describe the role redundancy in a hierarchical network Examine a Redundant Design Core DI PCI 172.17.10.21 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public Distribution Access 172.17.10.27 3
  4. Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network Describe how redundancy can disable a hierarchical network Example of a loop created by connecting one switch to two different switches on the same network. Loop I 172.17.10.21 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Loops in the Wiring Closet 1 32 Cisco Public Core Distribution Access 4
  5. Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network Explain how Layer 2 loops occur in well managed networks PCI sends a broadcast to switch STP Topology Trunk3 FO/I FO/2 X Trunk2 FO/2 FO/11 FO/2 FO/3 FO/l Trunkl FO/I FO/6 172.17.10.27 ) PCI 172.17.10.21 FO 18 p'C2 172.17.10.22 172.17.10.23 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public 5
  6. Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Describe the STP algorithm STP Algorithm Root Ports Non-Designated Ports Designated Ports Trunk3 Designated Ports Root Bridge FO/I FO/2 Trunk2 FO/2 FO/2 FOM Trunkl / FOM FO/3 172.17.10.27 Designated Ports Root Ports PCI 172.17.10.21 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. FOM 1 FO/6 FO 18 PC 172.17.10.22 Cisco Public RC3 172.17.10.23 6
  7. Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Explain the role of the BPDU in STP Field # 4 8 12 Bytes 2 1 1 1 8 4 8 2 2 2 2 2 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. The BPDU Fields Field Protocol ID Version Message type Flags Root ID Cost of path Bridge ID Port ID Message age Max age Hello time Forward delay Cisco Public 7
  8. Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Explain the role of the BID in STP BID Fields Bridqe ID: Priority = 24577 MAC Address = OOOA00333333 Trunk3 Bridge ID - 8 Bytes Root Bridge Priority = 32769 MAC Address = OOOA00222222 Bridge ID Without the Extended System ID Bridge ID With the Extended System ID System ID — - VLAN BID Fields Bridge Priority 2 Bytes Bridge FO/2 Trunk2 172.17.10.21 FOM FO/2 FO/2 FOM Trunkl FO/I FO/3 PC 172.17.10.27 MAC Address 6 Bytes - 8 Bytes FO/II FO/6 FO 18 PC2 172.17.10.22 Bridqe ID: Priority = 32769 PC3 172.17.10.23 Bridge Priority Extend System ID 4 bits 12 bits 2 Bytes 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. MAC Address 48 bits 6 Bytes Cisco Public 8
  9. Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe how to design STP to avoid problems Final Points Keep STP Even If It Is Unnecessary Do not disable STP. STP is not very processor-intensive the few BPDUs sent on each link do not reduce bandwidth. But a bridge network without STP can go down in a fraction of a second Keep Traffic off the Administrative VLAN A high rate of broadcast or multicast traffic on the administrative VLAN adversely effects the CPU's ability to process vital BPDUs. Keep user traffic off the administrative VLAN. Do Not Have a Single VLAN Span the Entire Network VLAN 1 serves as an administrative VLAN, where all switches are accessible in the same IP subnet. A bridging loop on VLAN 1 affects all trunks and can bring down the network. Segment the bridging domains using high-speed Layer 3 switches. 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public 9
  10. Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe how to identify and solve the key STP configuration issues Troubleshoot a Failure To troubleshoot a bridging loop, you need to know: The topology of the bridge network The location of the root bridge The location of the blocked ports and the redundant links 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public 10
  11. Summary Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used to prevent loops from being formed on redundant networks STP uses different port states & timers to logically prevent loops There is at least one switch in a network that serves as the root bridge Root bridge is elected using information found in BPDU frames Root ports are determined by the spanning tree algorithm and are closest to the root bridge 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public
  12. Summary STP lengthy convergence time (50 seconds) facilitated the development of: RSTP convergence time is slightly over 6 seconds Rapid PVST+ adds VLAN support to RSTP is the preferred spanning-tree protocol on a Cisco switch netowrk 2006 Cisco Systems. Inc. All rights resen.;ecl. Cisco Public
  13. CISCO 2006 Cisco Sysiems. Inc. All rights resen.yed. Cisco Public 13

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